Pipe Spring was named by participants of a Mormon expedition into Arizona 1858 (Fairley, 1989). The stone building at Pipe Spring is called Winsor Castle. The building that served as the ranch house for Pipe Spring Ranch. A stone building was first constructed at the spring by Mormon militiamen in 1868 as a stronghold against raiding parties by the Navajo. John Wesley Powell visited Pipe Spring in 1870 before his second expedition down the Colorado River. Powell's surveying parties also later visited Pipe Spring (NPS, 2005).
